AAICAB 1/1 Ashm. 1911-229 r. iii 1 - r. iv 8


LineText originalText translated
r.ii 26[šu-niĝen2 30 geme2 0.0.3 3-ta]?[total: 30 women at 30 (sila/litres of barley and) 3 (mana of wool) each]?
r.ii 27 [šu-niĝen2 3(aš) … 0.0.2 5 2-ta]? [total: 3 … at 25 (sila/litres of barley and) 2 (mana of wool) each]?
r.ii 28  [šu-niĝen2 tur 4(aš) dumu munus 0.0.2 1 1/5-ta]? [total: 4 … female children at 20 (sila/litres of barley and) 1.5 (mana of wool) each]?
r.iii 1 šu-niĝen2 3 dumu-munus 0.0.1 5 1-ta total: 3 female children at 15 (sila/litres of barley and) 1 (mana of wool) each
r.iii 2 šu-niĝen2 5 dumu-ninta2 0.0.1 1-ta total: 5 male children at 10 (sila/litres of barley and) 1 (mana of wool) each
r.iii 3 šu-niĝen2 1 geme2 si12-a 0.0.3 3 ma-na total: 1 woman si12-a at 30 (sila/litres of barley and) 3 mana (of wool)
r.iii 4 šu-niĝen2 3 geme2 šu-gi4 0.0.2 2 ma-na-ta total: 3 old women at 20 (sila/litres of barley and) 2 mana (of wool) each
r.iii 5 ⸢geme2⸣ uš-bar-me they are ⸢female⸣ weavers
r.iii 6 ⸢šu-niĝen2⸣ 10+3 [geme2 0.0.3] 3-ta ⸢total⸣: 13 women at 30 (sila/litres of barley and) 3 (mana of wool) each
r.iii 7 šu-niĝen2 tur 1(aš) dumu-munus 0.0.[2] 1 1/2 total: 1 female child at 20 (sila/litres of barley and) 1.5 (mana of wool)
r.iii 8 šu-niĝen2 2 dumu-munus 0.0.1 1-ta total: 2 female children at 10 (sila/litres of barley and) 1 (mana of wool)
r.iii 9 geme2 kin2-kin2 uĝ3-ga6-me they are menial female millers
r.iii 10 šu-niĝen2 10 geme2 0.0.3 3-ta total: 10 women at 30 (sila/litres of barley and) 3 (mana of wool) each
r.iii 11 šu-niĝen2 tur 4 dumu-munus 0.0.2 1 1/2-ta total: 4 … female children at 20 (sila/litres of barley and) 1.5 (mana of wool) each
r.iii 12 šu-niĝen2 4 dumu-munus 0.0.1 5 sila3 1-ta total: 4 female children at 15 sila/litres (of barley and) 1 (mana of wool) each
r.iii 13 šu-niĝen2 1 dumu-ninta2 0.0.1 5 sila3 1 total: 1 male child at 15 litres (of barley and) 1 (mana of wool)
r.iii 14 šu-niĝen2 2 dumu-munus 0.0.1 2-ta total: 2 female children at 10 (sila/litres of barley and) 2 (mana of wool) each
r.iii 15 geme2 še-⸢ĝeš-i3 sur-sur-ra-me⸣[glossary=geme2 i3-sur]  they are sesame oil-milling ⸢women⸣[glossary=geme2 i3-sur]
r.iii 16 […]  […] (rest lost: ca. 10-12 lines)
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r.iv 1 gurum2 aka inspection
r.iv 2 še-ba siki-ba of barley and wool allotments:
r.iv 3 geme2 uš-bar female weavers,
r.iv 4 geme2 kin2-kin2 uĝ3-ga6 menial female millers
r.iv 5 u3 geme2 še-ĝeš-i3 sur-sur-ra-me[glossary=geme2 i3-sur] (and) sesame oil-milling women they are;
r.iv 6 geme2 eš3 didli women of various shrines
r.iv 7 ur-ĝešgigir ugula […] overseer Urgigir […],
r.iv 8 ĝiri3 a-tu […] via Atu […]
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Commentary

This text documents an „inspection of barley and wool allotments“ (gurum2 aka še-ba siki-ba) for various female workers who joined the workforce of various shrines in the Umma region as a „dedication“ (a-ru-a) from various individuals in the year Šulgi 28. Among them occur sesame oil-milling women. The following table summarizes the size of each of the three groups of female workers documented in the final caption of the text.

Female workers in the Umma region in the year Šulgi 28 according to the totals in the final caption of AAICAB 1/1 Ashm. 1911-229.
Lines Profession No. of Persons
r. iii 1-5 Female weavers (geme2 uš-bar) 53
r. iii 6-9 Menial female millers (geme2 kin2-kin2 uĝ3-ga6) 16
r. iii 10-15 Sesame oil-pressing women (geme2 še-ĝeš-i3 sur-sur-ra) 21

Not surprisingly for Umma, the weavers received the largest addition to the workforce, followed by the oil milling women and eventually the millers. Moreover, this text illustrates once more how weavers, millers and oil milling women[glossary=geme2 i3-sur]are often documented together in various types of administrative sources concerning the management of the workforce (in Umma see e.g. TLB 3 071, 0000.00.00; in Ur see e.g. UET 3 1504 and UET 3 1422; Lafont 2013). This is due to the fact that milling, weaving and pressing oil were activities essentially run at institutional level, performed by women working in large production units that were often associated with and likely incorporated into unique places (Lafont 2016: 169).

r. ii 26-28 These lines are almost completely lost apart from the very last sign of each line. I present here an attempted reconstruction completed according to the first part of the list (ll. i 1 – iv 28), which however must remain speculative.

r. iii 7, 11 Lines recording female children who received 20 sila/litres of barley and 1.5 mana (= 750 g) of wool each feature a sign tur immediately before the indicated number of individuals, both in the main list and in the totals. This is the case only in this text and in another inspection list from Umma (CDLI P429776), but it is never attested in any inspection from Ĝirsu. Its meaning is to the best of my knowledge still unclear.

r. iii 16 – Ca. 10-12 lines lost. Because of the blank space following the list of sesame oil-milling women in r. ii 19, no other group of workers is to be expected here.

Bibliography

  • Lafont 2013 = Lafont, Bertrand (2013): State Employment of Women During the Ur III Period (Link).
  • Lafont 2016 = Lafont, Bertrand (2016): Women at Work and Women in Economy and Society during the Neo-Sumerian Period, in: Lion, Brigitte; Michel, Cécile (eds.), The Role of Women in Work and Society in the Ancient Near East. Studies in Ancient Near Eastern Records 13. Boston-Berlin: De Gruyter, 149-173.